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Authors
Shan, Shi-Chao
Yang, Hao-Shuai
Guo, Qi-Kun
Liu, Zhen-Guo
Chang, Dan-Dan
Luo, Hong-He
Lei, Yi-Yan
Zhu, Ying
Lu, Jian-Jun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Grants from Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (NO.ZRJY2024-QMPY15)
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Article History
Received: 12 July 2025
Accepted: 11 November 2025
First Online: 14 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, China (Approval No. A-084). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national and institutional guidelines. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee due to the retrospective nature of the study. This was a retrospective study, and the requirement for informed consent to participate was waived by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
