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Article History

Received: 11 July 2025

Accepted: 3 December 2025

First Online: 9 December 2025

Declarations

:

: The research involving human subjects has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center (No. 20250303042), and this study was conducted in strict compliance with local legislation and institutional requirements. Since this study is a retrospective clinical study, the Ethics Committee waived the written informed consent requirement required for prospective clinical trials. All clinical cases included in this retrospective study have been approved by the Ethics Committee of Zhejiang Provincial Rehabilitation Medicine Center (No. 20250303042), exempting patients from informed consent.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.