Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Xu, Jie
Liu, Luojie
Zhu, Zhaoji
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 22 August 2025
Accepted: 8 December 2025
First Online: 13 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Neither Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval nor explicit consent was required, given that the SEER database provides publicly accessible anonymized data. This study utilizes anonymized data from the SEER database. Patient information is anonymized to protect privacy, and consent for the use of their data in research is implied through the established protocols of the SEER program, in accordance with ethical standards and data use agreements.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
