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Authors
Yuan, Ye
Lang, Fuxin
Huang, Juanjuan
Xia, Ying
Yuan, Guang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Promotive Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province Grant (BS2015SW008)
China Scholarship Council (201909370001)
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Article History
Received: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 9 December 2025
First Online: 12 December 2025
Declarations
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: The analysis of publicly available data from databases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) did not require separate ethical approval. The collection and use of clinical tissue samples for this study were approved by the Ethics Committee of Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Binzhou Medical University (Approval No: 2023-053). The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study from whom tissue samples were collected. For data obtained from public databases, patient consent was obtained by the original researchers at the time of data collection.
: The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for the publication of anonymized data. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
