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Authors
Hu, Guobin
Huang, Bin
Cai, Li
Zhang, Yue
Zhang, Ying
Liu, Yuyang
Wu, Ganxun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ganxun Wu (S&T Program of Heibei, 19277768D)
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Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Accepted: 15 December 2025
First Online: 7 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study used publicly available, de-identified clinical data ( ). Therefore, no ethical approval was required as confirmed by the institutional policy, since the study did not involve any direct patient intervention or identifiable personal information.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
