Li, Ang
Pang, Yutao
Yang, Xiao
Zhang, Hongfei
Wu, Dong
Lin, Liyao
He, Zhan
Liang, Zhu
Chen, Jie
Li, Fasheng
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Clinical Projects of Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University (LCYJ2022DL003)
supported projects of Zhanjiang (2021A05076)
Article History
Received: 9 September 2025
Accepted: 12 January 2026
First Online: 10 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted using only de-identified, publicly available datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). According to the policies of our institution and the data providers, institutional review board (IRB) approval and additional ethical clearance were not required. Not applicable. This study did not involve direct patient contact, intervention, or collection of identifiable human data.
: Not applicable. All data used in this work are de-identified and publicly available, and no individual person’s identifiable information is presented.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.