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Authors
Chen, Yiquan
Gao, Ruihuan
Wei, Jingjing
Liu, Xueying
Liang, Yixuan
Wu, Zhiyi
Wu, Hai-jun
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Article History
Received: 14 September 2025
Accepted: 13 January 2026
First Online: 20 January 2026
Declarations
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: This study was based on data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, which is publicly available and contains de-identified patient information. Ethical approval and informed consent were therefore not required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
