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Authors
Li, Jun
Tang, Huizhong
Tu, Weifeng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of People’s Liberation Army
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Article History
Received: 27 October 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 23 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China (Approval No. 202409808). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
