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Authors
Shen, Yin
Zhang, Zhi
Kong, Lingchao
Liu, Yan
Ma, Yimin
Qiao, Zhenguo
Qian, Guirong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Development Program of Suzhou (SYW2024158)
the Science and Technology Development Program of Suzhou (SYWD2024077)
Suzhou “Science and Education” Youth Science and Technology Project (KJXW2023080)
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Article History
Received: 12 November 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
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: Data from the SEER database were used to extract information for institutional cohorts, the analysis of these anonymized open-source data did not necessitate ethical clearance. The authors did not conduct any studies involving human participants, so formal consent was not necessary for this type of research.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
