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Authors
Li, Gao
Zheng, WenJie
Zhang, Xin
Jia, Jianghua
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Beijing Nova Program (20240484538)
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 22 February 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University (approval number: 2022-Ke-227). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the IRB due to the retrospective nature of the study, in accordance with national regulations and institutional guidelines.
: Patients provided consent for their anonymized data to be published.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
