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Article History

Received: 13 April 2025

Accepted: 17 February 2026

First Online: 17 March 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board at Baheya Hospital. All patient information was kept on a secure file with the principal investigator to maintain confidentiality. Due to privacy and ethical restrictions, the datasets are not publicly available. De-identified data may be made available upon reasonable request and with appropriate institutional approvals. This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and adhered to all appropriate national guidelines for research involving human subjects. The data used in this research were sourced from Baheya’s electronic medical records system, for which prior informed consent had been obtained for the secondary use of health information in research.

: Consent to publish is not applicable. This study used anonymized data and did not include identifiable personal information. No individual patient data are included.

: The authors declare no competing interests.