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Authors
M. Lotfy, Mai
Ebrahim, Noura A. A.
El-Kassas, Mohamed
Omar Abdel-Aziz, Ashraf
Abdelhamid Omran, Dalia
Abdelfatah, Dalia
Barakat, Ahmed B.
Salah El-Din Youssef, Amira
Nassar, Auhood
K. Soliman, Hany
N. Zekri, Abdel Rahman
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Science and Technology Development Fund (STDF), affiliated with the Egyptian Ministry for Scientific Research (5198)
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2026
First Online: 7 May 2026
Declarations
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: This research adhered to the ethical guidelines established by the Declaration of Helsinki to ensure the protection and dignity of all participants. Before study initiation, formal ethical approval was secured from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University (Approval No.: IRB00004025). To uphold autonomy, written informed consent was obtained from each participant or, where applicable, their legally authorized representatives. All collected data were anonymized to safeguard participant privacy and confidentiality throughout the study.
: A consent for publication was obtained from the participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
