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Authors
Wei, Hong
Zhang, Zhuo
Liu, Xueli
Zhou, Qian
Zhang, Xin
Dong, Ying
Zhai, Siqi
Zhang, Qian
Sui, Meijuan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9339-260X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shenzhen Nanshan District Health Science and Technology Project (NS2023079)
Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2024LHMS08072)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82400185)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Heilongjiang (2023-KYYWF-0152)
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Article History
Received: 16 February 2026
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 9 May 2026
Declarations
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: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki ( ). The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and was exempt from informed consent owing to its observational retrospective design. Not applicable. This was a retrospective study exempt from informed consent as approved by the institutional ethics committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
