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Authors
Su, Duntao
Peng, Bida
Peng, Wei
Bai, Ning
Chen, Zhaochangci
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China, China (82260585)
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Article History
Received: 24 December 2025
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 24 May 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: No applicable. This study was based on publicly available datasets (TCGA and GEO), in which all patient data had been anonymized in advance; therefore, approval from an institutional review board was not required.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. This study was conducted using publicly available data from the TCGA and GEO databases. No animals, or identifiable personal information were involved.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
