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Article History

Received: 12 March 2026

Accepted: 22 May 2026

First Online: 30 May 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval: This study is based on publicly available datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GSE84881 and GSE9476). The original studies obtained all necessary ethical approvals and informed consent. No new data involving human or animal subjects were collected by the authors; therefore, additional ethical approval was not required for this re-analysis.

Consent to participate: Not applicable. This study used only de-identified, publicly available transcriptomic data. The original studies from which the data were derived obtained informed consent from participants.

Consent for publication: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (e.g., images, videos, or clinical details).

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.