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Authors
Yan, Xiyun
Fu, Xiyan
Long, Zhanghui
Liu, Li
Zang, Yuansheng
Su, Chunxia
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key R&D Program of China (023YFC2508601、2023YFC2508604、2023YFC2508605)
Three Peaks Plan - Class A peak
Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation (SHDC22025208)
Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital 2024 Research-oriented Physician Talent Program (LYRC202401)
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 5 June 2026
First Online: 3 July 2026
Declarations
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: This research was carried out in compliance with the guiding principles and regulations formulated by the Medical Ethics Committees of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital and Changzheng Hospital. The research protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital (Approval Number: K5-645) and the Ethics Committee of Changzheng Hospital (Approval Number: 2017SL016). All participants provided written informed consent to participate in this study and for the publication of anonymized clinical data.
: The authors report no competing interests.
