Chen, Yuezhou
Lai, Shengjie
Fang, Sijian
Liao, Baihao
Fang, Xin
Chen, Xiaorong
Xie, Zhouzhou
Fang, Youqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-4889
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Project (2025A03J3215)
Article History
Received: 20 February 2026
Accepted: 20 July 2026
First Online: 27 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Clinical Ethics Board of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, approval number SL-II2023-207-01. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the immunohistochemistry validation. For analyses based on publicly available, de-identified datasets, informed consent was obtained in the original studies and no additional consent was required for this secondary analysis. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national guidelines.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.