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Authors
Hu, Xiaohang
Liu, Yanfang
Gao, Yuan
Ge, Yuhui
Wang, Yang
Du, Yongping
Zhang, Nan
Cao, Dandan
Zhang, Haiping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Research Fund Project of Hebei Provincial Health Commission (20251218)
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Article History
Received: 5 March 2026
Accepted: 20 July 2026
First Online: 27 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This retrospective cohort study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tangshan People’s Hospital (approval No. RMYY-LLKS-2024037). The study protocol was approved and conducted in accordance with the guidelines and regulations of the Ethics Committee of Tangshan People’s Hospital and the Declaration of Helsinki. All patient data were anonymized before analysis. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Tangshan People’s Hospital due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
