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Authors
Gao, Pengqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9692-8433
Lin, Junpeng
Chen, Xiaofeng
Wang, Peiyuan
Lin, Hui https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8962-4830
Zhou, Hang
Liu, Shuoyan
Wang, Feng
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Article History
Received: 13 April 2026
Accepted: 20 August 2026
First Online: 10 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Fujian Cancer Hospital (Approval No. K2024-063-01). As this was a retrospective analysis of de-identified existing data, the committee granted a waiver of informed consent. This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Fujian Cancer Hospital (Approval No. K2024-063-01). Due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
