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Authors
Sridevi, Parikipandla https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0479-6419
Anil, Inti
Sarmah, Jatin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8939-0495
Bal, Madhusmita https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0473-6686
Surti, Shaily B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0451-0879
Bhat, Deepa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4928-1718
Ranjit, Manoranjan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8415-6701
Sharma, Yogita https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2447-5513
Babu, Bontha V. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5096-2222
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
Indian Council of Medical Research (NTF/SCD-Stigma/2022/SBHSR)
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Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 3 April 2026
First Online: 11 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that the procedures followed were in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki updated in 2013. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committees of the authors’ institutes located at all five study sites. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. For participants below 18 years of age, written informed consent was obtained from a parent or legal guardian, and assent from the participant was obtained where appropriate.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
