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Article History

Received: 2 June 2024

Accepted: 7 June 2024

First Online: 17 June 2024

Declarations

:

: Yuichi Saito received lecture fees from Daiichi Sankyo. Kenichi Tsujita received lecture fees from Abbott Medical, Amgen, Bayer Yakuhin, Daiichi Sankyo, Kowa Pharmaceutical, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis Pharma, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, Takeda Pharmaceutical, and TERUMO; research grants from Bayer Yakuhin, Bristol-Myers, Daiichi Sankyo, MOCHIDA PHARMACEUTICAL, EA Pharma, Novo Nordisk Pharma, and PRA Health Sciences; and scholarship funds from Abbott Medical, Boehringer Ingelheim, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and Boston Scientific Japan; and belongs to the endowed departments donated by Abbott Japan, Boston Scientific Japan, Fides-one, GM Medical, ITI, Kaneka Medix, NIPRO, TERUMO, Philips Japan, Getinge Group Japan, Orbusneich Medical, Abbott Medical, BIOTRONIK JAPAN, Boston Scientific Japan, Fukuda Denshi, Japan Lifeline, Medtronic Japan, and Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim. Yoshio Kobayashi received lecture fees from Abbott Medical Japan and Daiichi Sankyo and research grants from Abbott Medical Japan, Win International, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Boehringer Ingelheim, Nipro, and Japan Lifeline.