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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Hirosaki University Karoji Memorial Medical Research Fund.
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Article History
Received: 8 May 2024
Revised: 31 October 2024
Accepted: 5 November 2024
First Online: 20 November 2024
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol for these studies was assessed and approved by the Committee of Medical Ethics of the Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine. Both studies were registered with the University Hospital Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN, No. 000014402 and No. 000015977).
: All participants or their legal representatives obtained written, informed consent before treatment.
: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest concerning this article’s research, authorship, and publication.
