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Authors
Longo, Miriam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9433-3492
Rubio, Teresa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5746-3300
Lamelas, Araceli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1939-5642
Jericó, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-4598
Rodenes-Gavidia, Andrea https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0948-7615
Cervero, Jordi
Martínez-Blanch, Juan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9340-6207
Chenoll, Empar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6891-3573
Martorell, Patricia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5689-8399
Paolini, Erika https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5654-8329
Meroni, Marica https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4161-4178
Riezu-Boj, José Ignacio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1885-8457
Solares, Isabel https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4478-2641
Sampedro, Ana
Urigo, Francesco https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8273-5509
Collantes, María https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1162-1470
Battistin, Michele https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5502-7601
Gatti, Stefano https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2209-4338
Quincoces, Gemma
Peñuelas, Ivan
Moreno-Aliaga, María Jesús https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2018-6434
Ávila, Matías A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6570-3557
Di Pierro, Elena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1413-1349
Ramón, Daniel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-4745
Milagro, Fermín I. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3228-9916
Dongiovanni, Paola https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-7213
Fontanellas, Antonio https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-7990
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidad de Navarra
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Article History
Received: 22 May 2025
Accepted: 18 August 2025
First Online: 26 September 2025
Declarations
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: The animal study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Navarra and Livestock Service, Department of Rural Development and Environment of the Government of Navarra, according to the European Council guidelines (protocol code CEEA 023–22, date of approval: 29 April 2022, ref: 104E/2022).
: T.R., A.L., A.R-G., J.C., J.M-B., E.Ch., P.M. and D.R. are employees of ADM - BIOPOLIS, S.L., a biotech company specializing in the design, production and purification of microorganisms to create nutritional solutions that enhance consumer health and well-being. The rest of the authors have no conflict of interest to declare. ADM - BIOPOLIS, S.L. provided heat-treated Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145 (BPL1®HT), and its product lipoteichoic acid (LTA). However, ADM - BIOPOLIS, S.L. had no role in the design of the study, or interpretation of data.
