Li, Cong
Wang, Daigang
Sun, Jingjing
Zhao, Yao
Liu, Fangzhou
Chen, Jin
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U22B6005)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (3242019)
CNPC Innovation Foundation (2022DQ02-0208)
State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas (SKLD0G2024-KFZD-06)
Article History
Received: 5 July 2025
Accepted: 30 November 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
: This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
: Not applicable.