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Tooth shape and sex estimation: a 3D geometric morphometric landmark-based comparative analysis of artificial neural networks, support vector machines, and Random Forest models

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04439-7

Published Online: 2025-07-26

Published Print: 2025-08

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Natarajan, Srikant https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2686-0397
Ahmed, Junaid https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-0754
Sundarraj, Ruban https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7653-5130
Vinay, Varenya https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6752-3663
Shetty, Shravan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8204-7835
Jose, Nidhin Philip https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4814-9432
Chowdappa, Sharada https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5428-6200
Carnelio, Sunitha https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2789-3692
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Science and Engineering research board (CRG/2020/001057)

Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-07-26

Version of Record valid from 2025-07-26
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Article History

Received: 12 April 2025

Accepted: 10 July 2025

First Online: 26 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors do not have any financial or non-financial competing interests.

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