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Authors
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Youth Science Fund (82204453)
Foundation of Changsha Medical University (2023CYY002)
the Natural Science Youth Foundation of Hunan Province (2023JJ40384)
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Article History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 22 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
: Shanghai Outdo Biochip Company had previously completed the ethical approval process with the approval numbers of YB M-05-01/02 for LUSC tissue microarray, thus ensuring compliance with ethical norms and regulations. The other data are publicly available and considered as exempt under the ethical board review of the corresponding author’s institution.
: Not applicable.
