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Authors
Xu, Shaoshao https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7159-9292
Li, Lei
Yang, Dongchang
Liu, Tao
Liu, Binyu
Xun, Qingqing
Liu, Yanrong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province (tsqn201909193)
jining research and development program (2023YXNS013)
Lin He's New Medicine and Clinical Translation Academician Workstation Research Fund (JYHL2021ZD03)
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 14 January 2026
First Online: 9 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University (Ethics code: 2021C145). All the patients provided written informed consent to participate in the study.
: Not applicable.
: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors utilized ChatGPT (OpenAI, GPT-3.5 model accessed May 2024) for language editing. The authors critically reviewed all the AI-processed content and accepted full responsibility for the final work.
