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Article History
Received: 11 June 2025
Revised: 29 July 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2025
First Online: 19 October 2025
Declarations
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: Yeon-Ji Kim declares that she has no conflict of interest. Tae In Kim declares that she has no conflict of interest. Hado Choi declares that he has no conflict of interest. Kyungho Kim declares that he has no conflict of interest.
: All experimental animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM-20-047) and performed in accordance with their guidelines. Moreover, the recommendations proposed by Russell’s three Rs (reduce, replace, and refine), focused on experimental animal research, were considered.
