Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52378180)
Article History
Received: 1 March 2024
Accepted: 17 March 2025
First Online: 2 April 2025
Change Date: 15 August 2025
Change Type: Update
Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: the copyright holder was incorrectly given as The Author(s) but should have been Korean Society of Steel Construction.The original article has been corrected.
Change Date: 19 August 2025
Change Type: Correction
Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:
Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-025-00987-z
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: I certify that this manuscript is original and has not been published and will not be submitted elsewhere for publication while being considered by International Journal of Steel Structures. The study is not split up into several parts to increase the quantity of submissions and submitted to various journals or to one journal over time. No data have been fabricated or manipulated (including images) to support your conclusions. No data, text, or theories by others are presented as if they were our own. The submission has been received explicitly from all co-authors. Authors whose names appear on the submission have contributed sufficiently to the scientific work and therefore share collective responsibility and accountability for the results.