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Article History

Received: 17 December 2024

Accepted: 13 February 2025

First Online: 28 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Neda Rasouli receives research funding from Eli Lilly and Company and Novo Nordisk, and is a consultant for Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi. John P. H. Wilding is a consultant for Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly and Company, Napp, Novo Nordisk, Mundipharma, Regeneron, Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi, and Saniona, is a grant holder (University of Liverpool) for research grants for clinical trials from AstraZeneca and Novo Nordisk, and has received personal honoraria/lecture fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Napp. Jennifer Peleshok, Jim S. Paik, Anita Y. M. Kwan, and Palash Sharma are full-time employees of Eli Lilly and Company and are minority holders of company stock.

: The SURPASS trials were conducted in accordance with consensus ethical principles, including the Declaration of Helsinki and Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences International Ethical Guidelines, applicable International Council for Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice guidelines, and applicable laws and regulations and were approved by the relevant ethics committee/review board at each site. All participants in all primary trials provided written informed consent. Each trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: identifiers NCT03954834, NCT03987919, NCT03882970, NCT03730662, and NCT04039503.