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Article History

Received: 27 June 2025

Accepted: 12 November 2025

First Online: 11 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Mohamed Hassanein has served as an advisory board member for Sanofi, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novo Nordisk; speaker for Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen, LifeScan, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi; and received lecture/other fees from Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly and Company, Merck Sharp and Dohme, Janssen, and LifeScan. Thamer Alessa received research honoraria from Servier; advisory board fees from Sanofi-Aventis, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, and Novartis; and speaker honoraria from Sanofi-Aventis, AstraZeneca, Servier, Novo Nordisk, Ely Lilly, and Novartis. Mahir Jallo received research honoraria from Novartis, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, and Novo Nordisk and served on consultancy and advisory boards for AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk and Sanofi. Hussein Elbadawi received speaker fees from Sanofi, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, and Eli Lilly. Khadija A Hafidh received speaker fees and research support from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Servier, Sanofi, Merck & Co., Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, and Eli Lilly. Rayaz A Malik has served as an advisory board member for Sanofi and Novo Nordisk; speaker for Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi and Proctor & Gamble; and received lecture fees from Sanofi, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly and Company and Proctor and Gamble. He is an Editorial Board member of Diabetes therapy journal and was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Lamya Alzubaidi and Fatma Al Slail have nothing to disclose.

: This expert opinion manuscript is based on published studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.