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Authors
Sato, Genki https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7873-8988
Uchino, Hiroshi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9282-918X
Takuma, Kota
Saito, Manabu https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2605-608X
Fuchigami, Ayako https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8461-2246
Iwata, Yoko https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2836-0189
Yoshikawa, Fukumi
Hirose, Takahisa https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6293-5010
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Article History
Received: 15 February 2026
Accepted: 16 March 2026
First Online: 8 April 2026
Declarations
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: Genki Sato has nothing to disclose. Hiroshi Uchino has nothing to disclose. Kota Takuma has nothing to disclose. Manabu Saito has nothing to disclose. Ayako Fuchigami has nothing to disclose. Yoko Iwata has nothing to disclose. Fukumi Yoshikawa has received speaker honoraria from Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd. and Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. Takahisa Hirose has received research grants from Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd. and Boehringer Ingelheim Japan and speaker honoraria from Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., MSD K.K., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kowa Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, and Abbott Japan LLC.
: All procedures in this study were performed in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki as revised in 2024. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Toho University (No. T2024-2415). This study used retrospective non-identifiable data obtained by the treating physicians; therefore, based on the decision of the local Ethics Committee of Toho University Omori Medical Center, informed consent was not required. Patients were allowed to object to the use of their data for retrospective scientific research; however, none objected.
