Document is current

Article History

Received: 2 May 2026

Accepted: 18 June 2026

First Online: 28 July 2026

Declarations

Conflicts of Interest: Alba Galdón Sanz-Pastor has received fees for lectures, training activities, scientific consultancies and research work from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Astra-Zeneca, Mundipharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Esteve, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Abbott. Alicia Justel Enríquez has received fees for lectures, training activities, scientific consultancies and research work from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Abbott, Nestlé, and Fresenius Kabi. Ana Sánchez Bao has received fees for lectures, training activities, scientific consultancies and research work from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Novo Nordisk, Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Esteve, MSD, and Mundipharma. Rosa P. Quílez Toboso has received fees for lectures and training activities from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Boehringer Ingelheim, Fresenius, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Abbott. Beatriz González Aguilera has received fees for lectures, training activities, scientific consultancies, and research work from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Abbott, Mundipharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fresenius Kabi, and Nutricia. Mercedes Noval Font has received fees for lectures, training activities, scientific consultancies and research work from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, AMGEN, Novartis, Sanofi, Pfizer, Amarin, Amryt Pharma, Fresenius Kabi, Vegenat, Adventia, Servier, and Daiichi Sankyo. Jessica Ares Blanco has served as a consultant/advisor for Menarini, and as a speaker for Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Novartis, and Dexcom. Inés Modrego Pardo has received fees for lectures and training activities from the following pharmaceutical companies during the last 5 years: Boehringer Ingelheim, Sanofi, Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Abbott. Beatriz Voltas Arribas, in the past 5 years, has received speaker or consultancy fees from the following biopharmaceutical companies: Abbott, Fresenius, Persan Farma, Nutricia, Sanofi, Lilly, and Novo Nordisk. In the past 5 years, she has received invitations to attend courses or congresses from the following biopharmaceutical companies: Menarini, Persan Farma, Novo Nordisk, Lilly. Francisco Javier Ampudia-Blasco has served as a consultant/advisor for Abbott Diabetes Care, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, LifeScan, MannKind Co., Medtronic, Menarini, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi and as a speaker for Abbott Diabetes Care, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, LifeScan, Eli Lilly, Madaus, Medtronic, Menarini, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, and Sanofi and has received grant support from Novo Nordisk and Sanofi.

Ethical Approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki (version Fortaleza, 2013) and approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Medicines of the Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia (approval no. 2024/007, 25 January 2024). All participants provided informed consent electronically before completing the survey.