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Article History

Received: 22 May 2025

Accepted: 19 August 2025

First Online: 9 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was sponsored by Jiangsu Huatai Chenguang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, (Taizhou Jiangsu, China).

: Xiaoqiang Li and Na Zhou are employees of Jiangsu Hengrui Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, (Taizhou Jiangsu, China). The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

: The data supporting the findings of this study are included within the manuscript, figures, and tables. Additional data that can be reasonably shared without compromising participants’ protected health information can be accessed by contacting the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: The study protocol and any amendments were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (ethics approval no. GYWY-Y2021-66, date: 25 November 2021). The study was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the good clinical practice guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization, and local laws and regulations.

: All participants were provided with a written informed consent document before enrollment.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Zhiqin Hu, Tenghua Wang, Ying Luo, Xiaole Wang, Chen Li, Zhixin Zhang, Xuan Wang, Yaoxuan Zhan, Xintong Liang, Yindong Zong, Lizhong Liu, Jinlian Bi, Yongdong Zhang, and Haiyan Liu. . Zhiqin Hu and Yi Fang wrote the paper with input from all authors. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.