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Assessing COVID-19 IgG levels among vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals in Mthatha – South africa: A case-control approach

Published Online: 2025-10-23

Published Print: 2025-09

Authors

Owusu, William

Kamsu, Gabriel Tchuente https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5641-5916
Ndebia, Eugene Jamot
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Chemical Industries Education and Training Authority (CHIETA)

National Research Foundation (NRF)

Walter Sisulu University
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-09-01

Version of Record valid from 2025-10-23
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Article History

Received: 15 February 2025

Accepted: 1 October 2025

First Online: 23 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors have no relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University with approval number 023/2023.

: We confirm that this manuscript has not been previously published and is not currently under consideration for publication elsewhere.

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