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Article History

Received: 28 March 2025

Accepted: 9 October 2025

First Online: 3 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Author Ito Hiroyuki has received commercial entities from Novo Nordisk Pharma Ltd., Eli Lilly and Co., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Boehringer Ingelheim Co., Ltd., and Kowa Company, Ltd. The other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Taisho Pharmaceutical Co. provided editorial funding. The funders were not involved in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data; or the writing of the manuscript.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles expressed in the 2008 Declaration of Helsinki. The Ethics Committee of Edogawa Hospital approved the study protocol and waived the need for written informed consent because the data were analyzed anonymously for this retrospective analysis based on information stored in the hospital (approved number: 2021–50, approval date: November 22, 2021).

: All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and/or with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions. The Ethics Committee of Edogawa Hospital waived the need for written informed consent because the data were analyzed anonymously for this retrospective analysis based on information stored in the hospital.