Railic, Maja https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8567-8861
de Witte, Wilhelmus E. A.
Schaller, Stephan
Agboola, Sarah Toluwanimi
Sartawi, Ziad
Faisal, Waleed
Elkhashab, Mohamed
Crean, Abina
Vucen, Sonja
Funding for this research was provided by:
Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (12/RC/2275_P2)
Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 10 October 2025
Declarations
:
: Not applicable. This study did not involve the generation of new in vivo preclinical or clinical data. Previously published animal data were used solely for PBPK model validation, and ethical approval for those experiments is reported in the original publication.
: Not applicable.
: W.F. is the founder and CEO of ArrayPatch Ltd., a company involved in the commercialisation of dissolvable microneedle-based drug products. Z.S. is an employee of ArrayPatch Ltd. W.W. and S.S. are employees of ESQlabs GmbH. The authors declare no other competing interests.