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Article History

Received: 30 January 2019

Revised: 10 June 2019

Accepted: 19 June 2019

First Online: 7 July 2019

Compliance with ethical standards

: All subjects had provided informed consent for participation to observational studies prior to enrolment.

: MF received speakers’ honoraria and support for travel to meetings from Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Gilead, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), ViiV Healthcare, Janssen-Cilag, and fees for attending advisory boards from BMS and Gilead. AS consulted for AbbVie and received travel grants for meeting expenses from ViiV, Gilead, AbbVie, Merck, Janssen-Cilag. AB reports non-financial support from Bristol Myers Squibb, personal fees from Gilead Sciences, and non-financial support from ViiV Healthcare. AG received speaker’s honoraria and fees for attending advisory boards from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead, Janssen-Cilag, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, and Novartis and received research grants from ViiV, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Gilead. ADL received speakers’ honoraria and fees for attending advisory boards from ViiV, Gilead, AbbVie, JC, MSD, and BMS and received unrestricted research grants (to his Institution) from ViiV Italy, Gilead Sciences (Fellowship Program), and MSD Italy. AB received grants from Gilead Fellowship Program (2011, 2013, 2016) and support for travel to meetings from AbbVie, MSD, ViiV, BMS, and Gilead. SDG received speakers’ honoraria and support for travel meetings from Gilead, Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen-Cilag (JC), and GlaxoSmithKline. The remaining authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.