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Chen, Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3127-8462

Sun, Leyun https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8564-003X

Song, Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9791-1879

Geng, Yongning https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9327-9131

Xu, Haitao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-3776

Xu, Wenqiang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3378-6719

Funding for this research was provided by:

Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Universities of Zhejiang (No. GK239909299001-011)

IOT Technology Application Transportation Industry R & D Center Open Project Funding (No. 2023-05)

Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project (No. 2023C01147)

National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2024YFB3310803)

Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Plan Project (No. 2025C01065)

Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-08-28

Version of Record valid from 2025-08-28