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Article History

Received: 1 March 2021

Revised: 13 June 2021

Accepted: 21 June 2021

First Online: 12 August 2021

Declarations

:

: The two-phase systems were found effective for bioremediation of chlorpyrifos using cow dung bacterial consortia as novel source of biomass. The finding shows unique study, i.e., determination of interracial tension and Gibbs free energy that illustrated the bioremediation of chlorpyrifos in two-phase partitioning bioreactor. The system is able to degrade high concentration of chlorpyrifos, and thus can be used for environmental clean-up approaches.

: The authors declare no competing interests.