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Article History

Received: 28 March 2023

Revised: 1 August 2023

Accepted: 9 August 2023

First Online: 25 August 2023

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board at Al-Falah University. All participants provided informed consent before participation in the study. The study followed the guidelines set forth by Al-Falah University for the Ethical Conduct of research involving human subjects, including measures to protect participant confidentiality and privacy. Participants were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without consequence. No harm or discomfort was anticipated or experienced by participants during the study. All data were collected and analyzed in accordance with ethical principles of research integrity and in compliance with applicable laws and regulations.

: The authors declare no competing interests.