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Authors
Gadhi, Tanveer A.
Channa, Najeebullah
Mahar, Rasool Bux
Bhatti, Sanam
Ali, Bahadur
Raheem, Abdul
Demichelis, Francesca
Tommasi, Tonia
Freyria, Francesca Stefania
Bonelli, Barbara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2544-4690
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Higher Education Commision, Pakistan (HEC-TDF-03-037)
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Article History
Received: 17 April 2025
Revised: 13 January 2026
Accepted: 12 February 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: An AI-based language assistance tool (ChatGPT) was used solely to improve the clarity, structure, and readability of selected discussion sections. The tool did not generate data, perform analyses, or influence the scientific interpretation, and all technical content, results, and conclusions remain the sole responsibility of the authors.
