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Article History

Received: 19 March 2025

Accepted: 2 June 2025

First Online: 23 June 2025

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The study adhered to ethical standards, ensuring participant confidentiality and data security. All participants were informed of the study’s purpose, and participation was voluntary. No invasive procedures were involved, and the study posed minimal risk to participants. Approval for the study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) in Bahawalpur, ensuring compliance with local and international ethical guidelines for human research.

: Participants or their legal guardians (for minors or deceased individuals) had to provide informed consent for data collection and usage.