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Authors
Chauhan, Kirti https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6208-9229
Sathyapalan, Thozhukat https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3544-2231
Malabu, Usman
Joshi, Shashank Rameshchandra
Singh, Shri Kant https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0824-9073
Deshmukh, Harshal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3859-3118
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
James Cook University
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2024
Accepted: 1 July 2025
First Online: 30 July 2025
Declarations
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: The present study utilizes a secondary dataset from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) conducted in 2016-18. The dataset is available in the public domain for legitimate research purposes, with no identifiable information on the survey participants. Therefore, no additional ethical approval is required.
: Before the survey, informed consent was obtained from the parents/caregivers for adolescents aged 11-17 years, and assent was obtained from the adolescents themselves aged 11-17 years.
: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.
: The authors gratefully acknowledged the Population Council (India) for providing the data for this study. Further, the authors are grateful and recognize the donors Aditya and Megha Mittal, MoHFW, UNICEF, and CNNS.
