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Authors
Pinto, Gabriel Oliveira dos Santos https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5855-4361
da Costa, Aline Assunção https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4646-603X
Ribeiro-Filho, Fernando F https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0404-5858
Dourado, Julyanna Nazareth da Silva https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0477-0444
Souza, Mizael Carvalho de https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-3317
Bento-Torres, João https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-9445
Bento-Torres, Natáli Valim Oliver https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-211X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (001)
Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Universidade Federal do Pará (PRO6368-2023)
Universidade Federal Do Pará
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Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 27 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Institute of Health Sciences at the Federal University of Pará (Approval number 5913924; 27/02/2023). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and with the regulations of the Brazilian National Health Council for research involving human participants (Resolutions 466/12 and 510/16).
: Before data collection, adolescents provided written informed assent, and their parents or legal guardians provided written informed consent.
: The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Use of AI-assisted tools During manuscript preparation, we used ChatGPT (OpenAI) for translation and to improve clarity, grammar, parallelism, and terminology consistency of the manuscript. The tool was not used to generate, alter, or interpret data or results, nor to perform statistical analyses or draw scientific conclusions. All prompts and outputs were reviewed, edited, and approved by the authors, who take full responsibility for the final content. We also used Grammarly (Grammarly Inc.) solely for spelling, grammar, style checks, and language polishing. No automated tool made changes to the scientific content.
