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Authors
Zhang, Guang
Fu, YiJing
Yuan, Jing
Xie, Qingyan
Liu, GuanJun
Xu, JiaMeng
Chen, Wei
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Article History
Received: 11 February 2025
Revised: 27 April 2025
Accepted: 26 May 2025
First Online: 12 July 2025
Declarations
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: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.
: The study is exempt from institutional review board approval due to the retrospective design, lack of direct patient intervention, and the security schema, for which the re-identification risk was certified as meeting safe harbor standards by an independent privacy expert (Privacert, Cambridge, MA) (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Certification no. 1031219–2).
