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Article History

Received: 16 October 2023

Accepted: 21 December 2023

First Online: 7 February 2024

Declarations

:

: Hidehisa Saeki has received lecture fees from AbbVie, Eli Lilly Japan, Japan Tobacco, Kyowa Kirin, LEO Pharma, Maruho, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Novartis, Otsuka, Sanofi, Taiho, and Torii Pharmaceutical; and scholarship donations from Esai, Maruho, Taiho Pharma, and Tokiwa. Yoko Kataoka reports honoraria for lectures and contract research grants from Sanofi; and research grants from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, LEO Pharma, Maruho, Otsuka, and Pfizer. Takafumi Etoh has received honoraria for lectures from Kyowa Kirin and Maruho. Norito Katoh has received honoraria for lectures from AbbVie, Celgene Japan, Eli Lilly Japan, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Kyowa Kirin, LEO Pharma, Maruho, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Sanofi, and Taiho Pharma; and research grants from AbbVie, Eli Lilly Japan, Kyowa Kirin, LEO Pharma, Maruho, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, and Taiho Pharma. Satoshi Teramukai has received honoraria for lectures from Bayer, Chugai Pharmaceutical, and Nipro; a research grant from Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim and Sun Contact Lens; and consultant fees from Atworking, Daiichi Sankyo, Gunze, Kaneka, Kringle Pharma, NapaJen Pharma, Sanofi, Solasia Pharma, Sysmex, and Takeda. Yuki Tajima, Hiroyuki Fujita, and Kazuhiko Arima are Sanofi K.K. employees, and may hold stock and/or stock options in the company. Marius Ardeleanu is an employee and shareholder of Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc.

: The study was conducted in accordance with the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki, the International Council for Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice (ICH GCP) guideline, and applicable regulatory requirements. The protocol was reviewed and approved by the following institutional review boards/ethics committees: Asai Dermatology Clinic Institutional Review Board (Central IRB); Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Medical Ethics Review Committee; Nippon Medical School Ethics Committee; Medical Research Ethics Committee/Commissioned Research Review Committee, Osaka Habikino Medical Center; Medical Ethics Committee, Tokyo Teishin Hospital; Epidemiological Research Ethics Review Committee, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University; Ethics Committee, Tokyo Women's Medical University; Epidemiology and Observational Research Ethics Review Committee, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine; Intervention and Observational Research Ethics Review Committee, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine; University of Yamanashi School of Medicine Ethics Committee; Clinical Research Ethics Review Committee, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center. All patients provided written informed consent.