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Article History

Received: 27 May 2024

Accepted: 25 July 2024

First Online: 20 August 2024

Declarations

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: Han-Fang Liao and Sean Gardiner are employees of Pfizer. Yoko Kataoka has received lecturer honoraria from Sanofi, AbbVie, Pfizer and Maruho, and research funding from Sanofi, Leo Pharma, Pfizer, Maruho, Lilly, AbbVie, Otsuka, Taiho and Amgen. Yung Chan is a speaker for AbbVie, Bioderma, Galderma, Inova, Eli Lily, Lumenis, Menarini and Pfizer; an advisory board member for AbbVie, Bayer, Bioderma, CeraVe, Eli Lilly, Menarini, Pfizer, Sanofi, Quanta System and Janssen. Chia-Yu Chu is an investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Oneness Biotech, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Roche and Sanofi; a consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche and Sanofi; a speaker for AbbVie, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Mylan, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi and Viatris; and an advisory board member for AbbVie, Amgen, Mylan, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi and Viatris. Nisha Suyien Chandran has received fees for participation in advisory boards from AbbVie, Johnson & Johnson, Sanofi, Pfizer, DKSH, L’Oreal and Novartis; investigator fees for clinical trials from AbbVie, Novartis, Amgen, Sanofi and Boehringer Ingelheim; and speaker honoraria from Galderma, Johnson & Johnson, LEO, Pfizer, Sanofi and Lion Corporation. All other authors have no conflict of interest.

: Ethical approval was received from the following IRBs: Korea University Ansan Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Father Muller Hospital, NPO MINS, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hong Kong Doctors Union, and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital. The Parkway Independent Ethics Committee granted an exemption from review. The study was conducted in accordance with the protocol, Guidelines for Good Pharmacoepidemiology Practices, and the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided informed consent.