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Article History

Received: 27 November 2024

Accepted: 2 January 2025

First Online: 7 February 2025

Declarations

:

: Mark Lebwohl is an Editorial Board member of Dermatology and Therapy. Mark Lebwohl was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: Joseph F. Merola has served as a consultant and/or investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dermavant, Janssen, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, and UCB. Laura K. Ferris has served as an investigator for AbbVie, Acelyrin, Amgen, Apogee, Arcutis, Aristea, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cara Therapeutics, Castle Biosciences, DermTech, Galderma, GRAIL, Incyte, Janssen, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Moberg, Mobius, Novartis, Regeneron, SkinAnalytics, Takeda, and UCB; consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Apogee, Arcutis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cara Therapeutics, Dermavant, DermTech, Janssen, Leo Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, and Takeda; speaker for AbbVie, Arcutis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Regeneron. Jeffrey M. Sobell has served as a consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for Amgen, AbbVie, Arcutis, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Dermavant, Janssen, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, and UCB. Howard Sofen has served as a clinical investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Leo Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, and Sun Pharma. John Osborne has served on a speakers bureau for Amarin, Boehringer Ingelheim, Esperion Therapeutics, Lilly, and Novo Nordisk. John Vaile, Ying-Ming Jou, Carolin Daamen, and Julie Scotto are employees of and shareholders in Bristol Myers Squibb. Thomas Scharnitz was an employee of and shareholder in Bristol Myers Squibb at the time of study conduct and is now an employee of Novartis. Mark Lebwohl is an employee of Mount Sinai and has received research funds from AbbVie, Arcutis, Avotres, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cara Therapeutics, Clexio, Dermavant, Incyte, Inozyme, Janssen, Lilly, Pfizer, Sanofi-Regeneron, and UCB, and is a consultant for Almirall, AltruBio, Apogee, Arcutis, AstraZeneca, Atomwise, Avotres, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Castle Biosciences, Celltrion, CorEvitas Psoriasis Registry, Dermavant, Dermsquared, Evommune, Facilitation of International Dermatology Education, Forte Biosciences, Galderma, Genentech, Incyte, Leo Pharma, Meiji Seika Pharma, Mindera Health, Pfizer, Sanofi-Regeneron, Seanergy, Strata, Takeda, Trevi, and Verrica.

: These studies were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines of the International Council for Harmonisation and in accordance with the European Union Directive 2001/20/EC and the US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Part 50 (21CFR50), as well as applicable local requirements. The study protocols and amendments were approved by an institutional review board or independent ethics committee before initiation of the study at each site. All patients or their legal representatives provided written informed consent prior to study participation.