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Article History

Received: 25 April 2025

Accepted: 17 July 2025

First Online: 4 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Melinda J. Gooderham has served as a principal investigator for AbbVie, Akros Pharma Inc., Alumis, Amgen, AnaptysBio, Apogee, Arcutis, Aristea, Aslan, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cara Therapeutics, Coherus Biosciences, Dermira, Eli Lilly, Galderma SA, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte Corporation, InMagene, JAMP, Janssen, Kyowa Kirin, LEO Pharma, MedImmune, Meiji, Merck, MoonLake, Nektar Therapeutics, Nimbus, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche Laboratories, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Tarsus, UCB, Ventyx, and Vyne; a consultant for AbbVie, Akros Pharma, Amgen, Apogee, Aslan, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Kyowa Kirin, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, and UCB; an advisory board member for AbbVie, Amgen, Apogee, Arena Pharmaceuticals, Asana BioSciences, Aslan, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Galderma SA, Incyte Corporation, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, UCB, and Union; and a paid speaker for AbbVie, Amgen, Bausch Health, Bristol Myers Squibb, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Galderma SA, Janssen, JAMP, LEO Pharma, L’Oreal, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi Genzyme, Sun Pharma, and UCB. H. Chih-ho Hong has served as a speaker, advisor, consultant, and/or investigator for AbbVie, Amgen, Arcutis, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Cutanea, Dermira, Dermavant, DS Biopharma, Eli Lilly, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte Corporation, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Medimmune, Merck, Mirimar, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi Genzyme, Roche, and UCB. Di Wang, Becky Hooper, Avery Hughes-Martin, Heather Cameron, and Laura Pastor are employees of EVERSANA who were contracted by Incyte Corporation to support the work. Alicia Pepper, Ping Wu, and Ali Mojebi are employees of Precision AQ who were contracted by Incyte Corporation to support the work. Grace Wong, Marie-Lise Dion, and Mehdi Larbi are employees of Incyte Biosciences Canada Corporation and shareholders of Incyte Corporation. Rafael Marino is an employee and shareholder of Incyte Corporation.

: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.